This paper examines the impact of teleworking on employees’ labour productivity and the entity`s management in the condition of global pandemic Covid-19 in Uzbekistan. The epidemiological and dynamic nature of the Covid-19 crisis in which organizations have to adopt a work-from-home policy made this investigation very necessary. When the issue is explained more broadly, this empirical research investigates two significant aspects about teleworking process in organizations in the period of lockdown in Uzbekistan. First, teleworking positively affects employee’ labour productivity and the effectiveness of the entity, and the second teleworking complicates the management activities and affects negatively the socio-emotional environment in the work team. The objectives of the study are to identify whether the process of telework affects positively or negatively the organization’s current labour processes and propose multiple recommendations regarding to improve the telework mechanism for enabling prospective labour concerns in the human resources field of Uzbekistan. To achieve the objectives, a survey research design was adopted. The techniques employed in analyzing the data were quantitative methodology, descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results indicated that working from the home policy has a strong and positive relationship with employee’ labour productivity and the effectiveness of the entity if it is measured as a result-oriented rather than activity. It was also found that teleworking has a significant relationship with complicatedness of the management and it brings to the negative socio-emotional environment in the work team. Based on the findings, the researcher concluded that unexpected telecommuting in the period of Covid-19 has both negative and positive impact on employee performance and the entity`s management control.
В данной статье рассматривается сущность, роль и место самостоятельной работы студентов в организации учебного процесса в вузе. Раскрывается сущность задач и принципов организации самостоятельной работы студентов. Выделяются и характеризуются основные уровни сложности самостоятельной работы студентов.
The article analyzes the legal regulation of overtime and night work time in Uzbekistan and foreign countries in terms of establishing certain restrictions and payment in an increased amount compared to work in normal conditions, as well as providing additional rest time, since, according to legislators, economists, sociologists and doctors, such types of work negatively affect the health of the worker or lead to an imbalance in his family or social life.
The scientific publication analyzes the problems of establishing overtime and night work time. Based on the analysis of the current legislation in the sphere of labor, the author formulates the criteria that allow distinguishing between these types of working time.
The article analyzes the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on employment and income of population. State anti-crisis policy is considered on the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which provides for macroeconomic and monetary regulation of national economy, direct financial support for enterprises and entrepreneurs, credit breaks and holidays for legal entities and individuals, organization of public works and charitable events for the unemployed.
SUMMARY
The COVID-19 pandemic has plunged the world into the most serious humanitarian, economic and social crisis of our time. It has had a particularly devastating impact on the sphere of labor, causing tremendous human suffering and exposing the extreme vulnerability of many millions of workers and businesses. According to the latest estimates of the International Labor Organization (ILO), working hours worldwide in second quarter of this year decreased by 10.7% after massive closures of factories around the world in the condition of the COVID-19 pandemic. It means a loss of 305 million jobs based on 48-hour workweek.
The activities of large and small enterprises have been suspended, working hours have been reduced, and personnel are being dismissed. The closure of shopping centers and restaurants, the cancellation of flights and hotel reservations, transition of businesses to remote work puts many of them into collapse. At the same time, the first to lose their jobs were those for whom it was not stable anyway: salespeople, waiters, kitchen staff, loaders, cleaners.
The latest figures of the International Labor Organization (ILO) show that devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is destroying incomes of people who work in informal economy and hundreds of millions of businesses. The workers of shadow sector were the first to be hit. There are 1.6 billion of them - almost half of the world's workforce.
This article is devoted to the scientific analysis of the work of Munajimbashi Darwish Ahmad "Sahaif ul-Akhbar", which tells a short history from the origin of mankind to the Middle Ages of Muslim and Turkic dynasties. The main goal of the study is to analyze the literature and sources of creativity of that time and today, as well as to show the scientific and practical significance of scientific work. Also, the main task was to assess the role of the source in illuminating medieval history, to assess the detail and sequence of events in this historical work. In the study of the study, historical-comparative analysis, research methods from a historical-chronological point of view were used. Covering the history of the early period of mankind and up to the Middle Ages, the work covers the history of the statehood of the Arab and Turkic dynasties that ruled the Middle East and Central Asia, which increases the value and value of the work. Judging by the value of the work, the part associated with the history of the statehood of the dynasties that ruled in the territories of our country has not been studied. Only parts of the history of Khorezm, translated by Muhammad Yusuf Bayani, have been studied, and it can be seen that no research has been carried out to summarize other opinions on this issue. The study of the work shows that most of the analytical work on this topic was done only in Turkey. Taking into account such factors, we believe that research on this work should be encouraged in our country. In a word, this scientific work can not only describe events from Adam to the reign of Mahmud IV, a representative of the Ottoman Turkic dynasty, but also serve as a historical source on the history of our country.
At the beginning of the eleventh century, with the formation of the largest centralized state of Turkic peoples, tribes in Central Asia - the Karakhanid dynasty, the prestige of the ancient Turkic language grew, and a number of scholars and poets developed in the process of raising it to a high literary level. These are the works of Mahmud Kashgari, Yusuf Khos Hajib, Ahmad Yugnaki, Ahmad Yassawi and Suleiman Bogirgani, who created their works in the 11th and 12th centuries. The works of these authors came not only from the 11th and 12th centuries, but through manuscripts rewritten from the 13th century. Consequently, the history of modern Turkish manuscripts in Arabic dates back to the 13th century. Learning Arabic proverbs began in the 8th century. Like many scholars such as Sahar Ibn Dhabi, the Arab poet Ubaid Jurdzhumiy (8th century) and the Persian scholar Abu Fadl Maidani, Mahmoud Zamahshari wrote his book Al-Mustaksa Min-l-Amsali. In addition to verses from different eras, he quotes from the book of Kalil and Dimna. This article presents the works of great Turkic scholars about Arabic proverbs and parables and historians, Orientalists - Hermann Wamberi, A.Yu. Yakubovsky, S.P. Tolstov, E., who studied the culture, enlightenment and national heritage of the peoples of Central Asia. The hard work of E. Bertels, V.V. Bartold, E. Berezikov and others was recognized.
The article discusses the problem of organizing independent work in literature lessons at school. It identifies two types of individual forms of organizing tasks: individual and individualized. The author offers methodological recommendations for students to carry out independent work while working with a textbook and studying literary works at school.
In this article it has been analyzed the issues of collision-legal regulation of international carriage goods relations in train. The author has considered such conflict rules as the law of following the cargo (in relation to the country of the littering baggage) of the country, the law of the countries of dispatch of cargo, the law of place conclusion of the contract, the law of the place of the incident in relation to international transportation in rail transport. In the result of research the author supposed the increase of kinds of collision norms using to the international carriage in the national legislation.
The article analyzes the bases and procedures for using the appellation of origin, as well as contracts for the use of the appellation of origin. As a result of the analysis, the author proposed proposals for improving the current legislation.
Subjects of the research: The diagnostics of data transmission systems’ (DTS) elements under operation terms, methods of the control of DTA (data transmission apparatus) and diagnostics of digital devises on the base of signature analysis.
Purpose of work: Investigation and development of effective control methods and diagnostic of data transmission systems’ elements.
.Method of research: On solving of given problems analytical and program methods of investigation have been used, including elaborated models and methodic with following processing and analyses of the received results. Analytical methods were based on probability theory, flow - chart theory, reliability theory, algebra logic theory, machine modeling theory.
The results obtained and their novelty: The cascade model of error source of discreet channel and the strategy of diagnostics and restoring the efficiency of DTS elements. The mathematic model of embedded control over DTS elements with and without self control and evaluation of volumes value and efficiency. Evaluation methodic of sample signatures reliability and calculation. The algorithms of despairs detection at signature analysis application, minimizing the time of search. An imitation model for evaluating the methods of compact testing and sample signatures shaping.
Practical value: The elaborated methodic, algorithms and programs are recommended for practical use at designing of control - diagnostic provision at the stage of operation of data transmission systems.
Degree of embed and economic cffcctivitv: The results of dissertation work have been adopted in AK «Uzbektelecom». The theoretical and practical results have been used at TU1T on «Telecommunications» specialty and 5A522205 - «Communication networks and control systems» specialty.
Field of application: The proposed methodic, algorithms and programs could be widely used at operation of data transmission systems, development of control - diagnostic supply of digital systems and devices of telecommunication equipment.
The article shows the role of independent work of students as one of the most important components of the educational process and an instrument of pedagogical guidance and management of independent cognitive and scientificproduction activities of students in the study of propaedeutics of internal diseases. We have theoretically substantiated and proposed the types of independent extracurricular work of students in the teaching the discipline “Propaedeutics of internal diseases”
In paper there are considered some actual legal questions of commercialization of results of innovative activity in the Republic Uzbekistan. Particularly, there are analyzed several legal constructions of the civil legislation in the sphere of the innovative activity, regulating commercialization of intellectual property objects.